Lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws kom qhuav hauv qhov qub uas ua rau nplaum… Yuav ua li cas tswj tau

Lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws kom qhuav hauv qhov qub uas ua rau nplaum… Yuav ua li cas tswj tau

Cov khoom noj uas txau qhuav muaj ob pawg: tsis nplaum thiab nplaum. Cov khoom xyaw uas tsis nplaum yooj yim rau txau kom qhuav nrog cov qauv ziab yooj yim thiab cov hmoov kawg uas ntws dawb. Piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis nplaum suav nrog cov qe hmoov, mis hmoov, maltodextrins xws li cov kua, cov pos hniav, thiab cov protein. Hauv cov khoom noj uas nplaum, muaj teeb meem ziab hauv qab cov xwm txheej ziab ib txwm muaj. Cov khoom noj uas nplaum feem ntau lo rau ntawm phab ntsa ziab lossis dhau los ua cov khoom noj nplaum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov chav ziab thiab cov txheej txheem thauj mus los nrog teeb meem kev ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom lag luam qis. Cov khoom noj uas muaj suab thaj thiab kua qaub yog cov piv txwv ib txwm muaj.

Kev nplaum yog ib qho xwm txheej uas ntsib thaum lub sijhawm ziab cov khoom noj uas muaj suab thaj thiab kua qaub ntau zaus. Kev nplaum hmoov yog ib qho khoom sib txuas ua ke. Nws tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm kev nplaum cov khoom me me (kev sib txuas) thiab kev nplaum ntawm phab ntsa (kev nplaum). Qhov ntsuas ntawm lub zog uas cov hmoov hmoov sib txuas yog vim nws cov khoom sab hauv hu ua kev sib txuas, tsim cov pob hauv lub txaj hmoov. Yog li ntawd, lub zog uas xav tau los tawg cov hmoov sib xyaw yuav tsum loj dua lub zog sib txuas. Kev nplaum yog ib qho khoom sib txuas, qhov nyiam ntawm cov hmoov hmoov kom lo rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov khoom siv ziab tshuaj tsuag. Kev sib txuas thiab kev nplaum yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom ziab thiab cov xwm txheej ziab. Cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov hmoov hmoov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov teeb meem nplaum. Kev sib txuas thiab kev nplaum ntawm cov khoom siv saum npoo ntawm cov hmoov hmoov sib txawv. Vim tias kev ziab xav tau ntau cov tshuaj yaj mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom me me, nws yog qhov loj. Ob qho yam ntxwv nplaum (kev sib txuas thiab kev nplaum) tuaj yeem nyob ua ke hauv cov khoom noj uas muaj suab thaj ntau. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom me me yog kev sib txuas yog kev tsim cov choj kua ruaj khov, cov choj kua txav mus los, kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom me me thiab lub zog hluav taws xob thiab cov choj khov kho. Thaum lub tshuab ziab, cov hmoov me me lo rau ntawm phab ntsa vim yog cov khoom poob thaum lub tshuab ziab cov suab thaj thiab cov khoom noj uas muaj kua qaub ntau. Cov hmoov me me thaum khaws cia ntev dua hauv phab ntsa ziab yuav poob.

Ua rau muaj kev nplaum:

Tshuaj Tsuag Qab Zib thiab Cov Khoom Noj Muaj Acid Ntau Qhuav Hmoov Rov Qab Siv cov thev naus laus zis tsuag ziab, cov suab thaj qis molecular (glucose, fructose) thiab cov organic acids (citric, malic, tartaric) yog qhov nyuaj heev. Kev nqus dej siab, thermoplasticity, thiab qhov kub hloov iav qis (Tg) cov molecules me me no ua rau muaj teeb meem nplaum. Qhov kub ziab tsuag saum toj no Tg 20 ° C, cov khoom xyaw no feem ntau tsim cov khoom mos mos ntawm cov nplaim nplaum, ua rau cov hmoov lo thiab xaus nrog cov qauv zoo li nplaum es tsis yog hmoov. Kev txav mus los ntawm cov molecules siab ntawm cov molecules no yog vim lawv qhov kub hloov iav qis dua (Tg), uas ua rau muaj teeb meem nplaum ntawm qhov kub feem ntau nrov hauv cov tshuab ziab tsuag. Qhov kub hloov iav yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub hloov amorphous. Qhov xwm txheej hloov iav tshwm sim thaum cov khoom tawv, amorphous qab zib, dhau los ua cov roj hmab mos, kua theem. Lub zog nto, iav khov muaj lub zog nto qis thiab tsis lo rau cov nplaim khoom qis zog. Vim yog qhov hloov ntawm lub xeev iav mus rau lub xeev roj hmab (lossis kua), qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv tuaj yeem nce siab, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov molecular thiab cov khoom khov kho tuaj yeem pib. Hauv kev ua haujlwm ziab zaub mov, cov khoom lag luam nyob rau hauv lub xeev kua lossis sib txuas, thiab vim yog kev tshem tawm ntawm cov yas (dej) cov kua / cov khoom noj khoom haus sib txuas ua rau lub xeev iav. Cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav tseem muaj zog viscous yog tias cov khoom noj khoom haus tsis dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias siab dua li kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub vitrification. Yog tias cov khoom noj khoom haus no kov lub chaw khov kho nrog lub zog siab nws yuav lo lossis lo rau nws.

Tswj Viscosity:

Muaj ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb txog cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem los txo qhov viscosity. Cov txheej txheem raws li kev tshawb fawb txog cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog cov khoom siv hnyav molecular siab uas siv cov kua qhuav kom ua kom qhov kub nce siab dua qhov hloov pauv iav, thiab cov txheej txheem raws li cov txheej txheem suav nrog phab ntsa, hauv qab, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov chav tshuab.